Nanoparticles have unique properties due to their small size. All nanoparticles regardless of their chemical constituents, have surface area:volume ratios that are extremely high (see the following table). Thus, many of the physical properties of the nanoparticles such as solubility and stability are dominated by the thenature of the nanoparticle surface.

Table of contents:

• Diameter, Surface Area, and Volume
• Shape and Crystallinity
• Nanoparticle Surface
• Particle Stability
• Surface Chemistry and Functionalization
• Measuring Gold Nanoparticle Concentration