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Instrument Database:
Perkin-Elmer Corp. - Optima 3000
( PerkinElmer Inc. )
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| Year of introduction |
1993 |
| Status |
historical ( out of sale ) |
| Company |
Perkin-Elmer Corp.
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| Categories |
Spectrometer ( Atom. ): AES: ICP-AES
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The Perkin-Elmer OPTIMA 3000 is based on a unique optical design optimized for use with an ICP. It uses an Echelle polychromator with a Segmented Array CCD. The detector consists of discreet subarrays which are strategically positioned to measure over 5000 emission wavelengths between 167 and 782 nm. The result is a simultaneous spectrometer that has unmatched resolution of 6 pm in the spectrally congested UV region.
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| Specifications |
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System
Power: 200-240V, 30 A line, single phase, 50 or 60 Hz
Dimensions: Length - 127 cm (50 inches)
Height - 155 cm (62 inches)
Depth - 76 cm (30 inches)
Depth with shelf - 103 cm (40.5 inches)
Weight: 454 kg (998 lb.)
Automation: Computer control of all spectrometer functions, RF generator and plasma gas flows over IEEEE-488 interface
Environmental: 15 to 35°C with <2.8 °C change per hour; relative humodity between 20 and 80% noncondensing
ICP System
Frequency: 40 MHz, free running
Output power stability: <0.01%
Power output: 750 to 1500 watts, computer controllable in 5 watt increments. RF generator is located in the m,ain chassis of the instrument for efficient use of laboratory space.
RF shielding: Meets all FCC certifiocation requirements for RF emission (Part 18 of FCC Rules and Regulations). Also complies with VDE 0871 Class B.
Coil: 4-turn 1/8 inch copper tubing
Cooling water: Sytem requires a flow of ~1 liter/Min at 200 to 550 kPa at a temperature between 15°C and 25°C. Good quality house water or a recirculating cooling system may be used (a Neslab CFT 33 or equivalent is recommended). A filter for removing sediment is supplied with the system.
Automatic Ignition: Plasma ignition is computer controlled and totally automated. A single keystroke ignites the plasma or turns it off. Using an EXEC macro, the plasma can be turned on at a set time time thus warming up the system prior to an analysis. Plasma can be turned off automatically after an analysis. Automatic ignition routines are supplied for ignition the plasma both with aqueous and organic solvents.
True Power Control: Maintains the plasma power at the set point even when changing sample matrices. During operation the plasma impedance is monitored along with the power amplifier tube grid current, grid voltage, plate current and plate voltage. This information is used in a feedback loop to control the plasma power at the user-specified level. This True Power Control along with the free-running generator allows the use of a wide range of solvents from aqueous to organic.
Safety Interlocks: System checks water flow, argon pressures, sample compartment door interlocks and plasma stability. These interlocks are constantly monitored and displayed on the computer screen as graphic symbols. If any interlock is interrupted, the plasma is shut down automatically.
Argon Flow Controls:
Thermostating: The plasma gas controls are enclosed in an insulated drawer and the temperature is regulated at 40°C.
Plasma Argon Flow: Binary-scaled solenoid valves are computer controllable to regulate the flow automatically within the range of 5-20 liter/min in 1 liter/min increments. The flow system is interlocked to prevent ignition without plasma gas flowing.
Auxiliary Argon Flow: Binary-scaled solenoid valves are computer controllable to regulate the flow automatically within the range of 0-2.0 liter/min in 0.1 liter/min increments.
Nebulizer Argon Flow: The flow is computer controlled, using a mass flow controller, and is variable between 0 and 2.0 liter/min in 0.01 liter/min increments.
Sample Introduction System:
Torch: Demountable design using one-piece quartz tubing for plasma and auxiliary gas flow. The standardt torch is supplied with a 2.0-mm alumina injector for full corrosion resistance to all acids, including hydrofluoric and aqua regia. A 0.8-mm injector is available as an option for analysis of very volatile organic solutions. 1.6-mm and 1.2-mm quartz injectors are available as an option. The torch glassware is slotted so the plasma is viewing optically through the slot and not the quartz for b gest performance while maintaining optimum shielding of the plasma from entrained air.
Spray Chamber: Scott type designed to minimize pulsations from the peristaltic pump and constructed of Ryton for complete corrosion resistance to most acids, including HF, and all organic solvents normally used in ICP analyses.
Nebulizer: Cross-flow design with chemically resistant GemTips manufactured from corrosion-resistant (sapphire tips in a PEEK body) material. The system can coutinely handle 50% (v/v) solutions of HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, H3PI4, 20% (v/v) HF and 30% (v/v) NaOH. Up to 20% NaCl can be aspirated by the nebulizer for 1 hour without clogging. The system is fully compatible for use with other nebulizers such as ultrasonics, concentrics and high solids.
Peristaltic Pump: A three-channel, variable speed, computer-controlled pump. Speed is variable from 0.2 to 2.5 ml/min in 0.1 ml/min increments using 0.030 inch tubing.
Torch mount: The QuickChange Torch Module, along with the RF coil, is mounted on the same rigid base as the optical bench. The design of the coil and the mounting system eliminates the need for extensive torch alignment. Both horizontal and vertical viewing of the plasma are optimized by computer-controlled movement of the first transfer mirror. The relative vertical position of the injector tip to the bottom of the load coil is manually adjustable from -1 to 5 mm.
Plasma viewing: The full plasma is viewed through a UV-blocking, low transmittance window located in the sample compartment door.
Spectrometer
Polychromator: The high energy (f/6.7) echelle-based polychromator is a-Elmer design and utilizes two detector focal planes and two cross dispersers. The resolution of the system is 0.007 nm at 200 nm. The 80 by 160 mm echelle grating (manufactured by Perkin Elmer) has 79 lines per mm and a blaze angle of 63.4 degrees. The cross disperser for the UV region (167-375 nm) is a grating (374 l/mm) with Schmidt correction incorporated into its surface. The Schmidt correction performs aberration correction for the 400 mm radius camera sphere. The cross disperser for the visible region (375 - 782 nm) is a 60-degree fused-quartz prism.
The entire optical system is enclosed in a purged and thermostated optical enclosure. The optical enclosure is mounted on the same, large optical bench as the sample introduction system. The optical bench is shock mounted to the frame of the instrument so that any floor vibration does not affect system performance.
Thermostating: The polychromator is thermostated to 38°C. The thermostating includes the transfer optics along with the polychromator.
Plasma Viewing: Viewing height change is accomplished by computer control of a mirror located in the optical pathn and allows viweing ofthe plasma source from the load coil to 30 mm above the load coilin 1mm increments. Horizontal viewing position (view x) can be adjusted 10 mm in 0.4 mm increments. Both the viewing height and the view x positions can be optimized by the software.
Shutter and Mercury Recalibration System: The pneumatically operated shutter automatically opens and closes for each sample. By closing the shutter between each sample, the first transfer mirror is protected from long exposure to the intense UV radiation of the plasma thus extending the useful lifetime of the mirror. The shutter is computer controlled and the user can elect to leave the shutter open if desired. A mercury lamp is built into each shutter mechanism and can be viewed when the shutter is closed. The mercury emission at 253 nm may be automatically monitored by the system and used to update the system wavelength calibration. Frequency of the automatic recalibration is user selectable and can vary between 0.000 and 999 hours. Recalibration will occur even during autosampler analysis. /
Detector: Perkin-Elmer Segmented-array Charge-coupled-devicé Detector (SCD). 224 addressable subarrays, with over 6000 pixels on a 13 by 18 mm silicon substrate. Readout noise ~13 electrons RMS; dark current < 100 electrons/pixel/second; readout speed of 40 µsec/pixel.
Electronics: Corrtelated double sampling data aquisition electronics reduce electronic noise.
System Controller
Computer: DECpc 433dx LP with 33-MHz industry-standard 486 DX processor, 128-KB cache expandable to 256 KB, 8-MB (70 ns) RAM memory expandable to 65 MB, 426-MB, SCSI hard disk drive, 525-MB, 1/4-inch, SCSI tape drive, 3.5-inch (1.44-MB capacity) floppy disk drive, 1 IEEE-488 communications interface, 2 RS232C serial interfaces, 1 parallel printer interface, SVGA monitor with 512-KB video memory expandable to 1 MB.
Printer: Okidata Microline 320 or HP LaserJet 4 as an option.
Operating Systems: SCO/UNIX ODT (multitasking & multiuser environment), MS-DOS, and Microsoft Windows.
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