Coupling of Liquid Chromatography with ICP-MS is straightforward. Nebulizers are available that can accept the effluent from standard, µ-HPLC and even nano-HPLC. With all the different possiblities of ion exchange, reverse-phase, affinity, size-exclusion, ion-pairing and any other of the numerous techniques, liquid chromatography offers a very rich tool-box for separation that can be used to separate many of the species of interest.
Liquid chromatography (LC) is an extremely versatile technique with numerous advantages:
- both the stationary phase and the mobile phase may be altered to achieve the desired separation,
- separations can be further enhanced by the addition of additives (chiral additives, ion pair reagents, surfactants) to the mobile phase,
- separations can be enhanced by changing the mobile phase during the analysis (gradient elution),
- an enourmous variety of stationary phases are commercially available based on a rich variety of separation principles such as
- normal phase chromatography (NPC)
- reversed phase chromatography (RPC)
- reversed phase ion pair chromatography (IPC)
- micellar chromatography
- ion exchange chromatography (IEC)
- size exclusion chromatography (SEC).
- Usually, minimum sample preparation is required.
Fig. 1 Coupling of HPLC with ICP-MS
Liquid sample introduction is the standard in ICP-MS, therefore coupling of liquid chromatography with ICP-MS in the simplest form is just the connection of the column outlet with the nebulizer of the sample introduction system via a transfer tubing. It is not a surprise that the hyphenated system resulting from the coupling of liquid chromatography and ICP-MS is the most often used system for speciation analysis related to the ICP-MS detection. About 3/4 of all publications related to ICP-MS hyphenated techniques for speciation analysis describe the use of LC-ICP-MS.
Fig. 2: Development of publications related to LC-ICP-MS for speciation analysis
(Comment: After 30 years of development, the hyphenation of LC with ICP-MS has reached a level of maturity alloying its application in routine analysis. The number of publications describing method development is therefore declining during the last years. Recent papers are focusing on optimising excisting methods for accuracy and sample throughput.)
LC-ICP-MS has important advantages for speciation analysis:
- Complex chromatograms are reduced to simple "elementograms"
- Quantification of even unknown element species is possible with respect to the detected element due to compound independent sensitivity without the necessity of having standards.
However the hard ionization and atomization power of the plasma source also has some drawbacks:
- All molecular information is lost
- Species characterization is limited to chromatographic retention times
Looking more closely onto the hyphenated system, some details have to be discussed:
- contamination with metallic compounds arising from the chromatographic system (pump, valve, tubing) or the stationary and mobile phase,
- dispersion effects, that means the influence on the sample introduction system on the separation power of the chromatographic system,
- plasma solvent load effects, that means the influence on the mobile phase on the stability and ionization power of the inductively coupled plasma.
Plasma solvent load effects limit the free choice of the mobile phase,
since now the mobile phase has to be selected both with respect to the
separation task but also with respect to the degree of tolerance by the
ICP. Tolerance by the ICP can be enhanced by reducing the flow-rate,
which can be achieved by reducing the size-factor of the HPLC system
from standard to micro-HPLC or even nano-HPLC. Tolerance of the ICP with
nano-liter flow rates is so high that nearly any solvent can be
introduced with total consumption nebulizers.
On the other hand, the negative influence of dead-volumes and other poor
design factors on the chromatographic separation power is the more
pronounced the smaller the flow rate of the system is. Therefore,
especially careful design considerations are necessary for nano-HPLC
coupling while standard system are less critical.
With respect to the type of MS detection system, one has to consider the
transient character of the chromatogtaphic signals. Depending on the
number of simultaneous channels that have to be monitored (only one in
the simple case of a single element speciation), systems that can
either simultaneously collect data on different channels or can do fast
sequential measurements will have advantages.
Tutorial material related to HPLC
Sigma-Aldrich: HPLC Trouble-Shooting
IonSource.com: Introduction to Capillary Chromatography
IUPAC: Chromatography Nomenclature and Definitions
LC-GC Europe: Glossary of Liquid-Phase Separation Terms
LC-GC Europe: The Chromatography and Sample Preparation Terminology Guide
UCDAVIS CHEMWIKI: HPLC
Upchurch Scientific: HPLC Introduction
Waters: HPLC - High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Reviews of LC-ICP-MS (newest first)
C. Bruggink, D. Jensen, Combining ion chromatography with mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: annual review 2020. Anal. Sci. Adv. 2 (2021) 238–249. DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202000120
D.P. Bishop, D.J. Hare, D. Clases, P.A. Doble, Applications of liquid Chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in the biosciences: a tutortial review and recent developments, Trends Anal. Chem., 104 (2018) 11-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.09.017
B. Klenczar, S. Li, L. Balcaen, F. Vanhaecke, High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass dpectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) for quantitative metabolite profiling of non-metal drugs, Trends Anal. Chem., 104 (2018) 118-134. DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.09.020
J. Delafiori, G. Ring, A. Furey, Clinical applications of HPLC-ICP-MS element speciation: A review, Talanta, 153 (2016) 306-331. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.035
E.M. Kroukamp, T. Wondimu, P.B.C. Forbes, Metal and metalloid speciation in plants: overview, instrumentation, approaches and commonly assessed elements, Trends Anal. Chem., 77 (2016) 87-99. DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.10.007
R. Jagtap, W. Maher, Determination of selenium species in biota with an emphasis on animal tissues by HPLC-ICP-MS, Microchem. J., 124 (2016) 422-529. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.07.014
Daniela Kretschy, Gunda Koellensperger, Stephan Hann, Elemental labelling combined with liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for quantification of biomolecules: A review, Anal. Chim. Acta 750 (2012) 98–110. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.06.040
Maximilian Popp, Stephan Hann, Gunda Koellensperger, Environmental application of elemental speciation analysis based on liquid or gas chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry - A review, Anal. Chim. Acta, 668/2 (2010) 114-129. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.04.036
John E. Carr, Adam E Dill, Kaho Kwok, Jon W. Carnahan, G.K. Webster, LC-ICP-MS for Nonmetal Selective Detection of Pharmaceuticals, Curr. Pharma. Anal., 4/4 (2008) 206-214. DOI: 10.2174/157341208786306234
Kevin A. Francesconi, Michael Sperling, Speciation analysis with HPLC-mass spectrometry: time to take stock, Analyst (London), 130/7 (2005) 998-1001.
DOI: 10.1039/b504485p
Maria Montes-Bayón, K. DeNicola, Joseph A. Caruso, Liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1000 (2003) 457-476. DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00527-2
Bernhard Michalke, The coupling of LC to ICP-MS in element speciation - Part II: Recent trends in application, Trends Anal. Chem. (Pers. Ed.), 21/3 (2002) 154-165. DOI: 10.1016/S0165-9936(02)00303-5
Bernhard Michalke, The coupling of LC to ICP-MS in element speciation: I. General aspects, Trends Anal. Chem. (Pers. Ed.), 21/2 (2002) 142-153. DOI: 10.1016/S0165-9936(01)00146-7
Studies on the methodology and instrumentation of LC-ICP-MS
Lothar Rottmann, Klaus Gustav Heumann, Development of an on-line isotope dilution technique with HPLC/ICP-MS for the accurate determination of elemental species, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 350/4-5 (1994) 221-227. DOI: 10.1007/BF00322473
Cristina Rivas, Les Ebdon, Steve J. Hill, Effect of different spray chambers on the determination of organotin compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 11/12 (1996) 1147-1150. DOI: 10.1039/JA9961101147
Warren R.L. Cairns, Les Ebdon, Steve J. Hill, A high performance liquid chromatography - inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry interface employing desolvation for speciation studies of platinum in chemotherapy drugs, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 355/3-4 (1996) 202-208. DOI: 10.1007/s0021663550202
Anders Tangen, Roger Trones, Tyge Greibrokk, Walter Lund, Microconcentric Nebulizer for the Coupling Of Micro Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Zone Electrophoresis With Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 12/6 (1997) 667-670. DOI: 10.1039/a607623h
Mary Kate Donais, How to Interface a Liquid Chromatograph to an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer for Elemental Speciation Studies, Spectroscopy (Eugene, Oreg.), 13/9 (1998) 30-35.
Clayton B'Hymer, Karen L. Sutton, Joseph A. Caruso, Comparison of four nebulizer-spray chamber interfaces for the high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of arsenic compounds using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 13/9 (1998) 855-858. DOI: 10.1039/a801645c
Erik H. Larsen, Method optimization and quality assurance in speciation analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography with detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 53/2 (1998) 253-265.
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(97)00137-7
B. Do, S. Robinet, D. Pradeau, F. Guyon, Application of central composite designs for optimisation of the chromatographic separation of monomethylarsonate and dimethylarsinate and of selenomethionine and selenite by ion-pair chromatography coupled with plasma mass spectrometric detection, Analyst (London), 126/5 (2001) 594. DOI: 10.1039/b008169h
Enrique G. Yanes, Nancy J. Miller-Ihli, Use of a parallel path nebulizer for capillary-based microseparation techniques coupled with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer for speciation measurements, Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 59/6 (2004) 883-890. DOI: 10.1016/j.sab.2004.03.005
Lars Bendahl, Bente Gammelgaard, Sample introduction systems for reversed phase LC-ICP-MS of selenium using large amounts of methanol - Comparison of systems based on membrane desolvation, a spray chamber and direct injection, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 20/5 (2005) 410-416. DOI: 10.1039/b415717f
Lars Bendahl, Stefan Stürup, Bente Gammelgaard, Steen Honoré Hansen, Ultra-Performance LC-ICP-MS - a fast technique for speciation analysis, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 20/11 (2005) 1287-1289. DOI: 10.1039/b508653a
Zs. Stefánka, Gunda Koellensperger, Gerhard Stingeder, Stephan Hann, Down-scaling narrowbore LC-ICP-MS to capillary LC-ICP-MS: a comparative study of different introduction systems, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 21/1 (2006) 86-89. DOI: 10.1039/b511629e
Yasumitsu Ogra, Development of Miniaturized HPLC-ICP-MS for Speciation of Bio-Trace Elements, Biomed. Res. Trace Elem., 19/1 (2008) 34-42. available at: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/brte/19/1/19_1_34/_article
Kirk E. Lokits, Patrick A. Limbach, Joseph A. Caruso, Interfaces for capillary LC with ICPMS detection: A comparison of nebulizers/spray chamber configurations, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 24/4 (2009) 528-534. DOI: 10.1039/b820121h
Kenneth Neubauer, Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Column Types for Speciation Analysis by LC-ICP-MS, Spectroscopy, 24/11 (2009) 30-33. online available here
Daniel Proefrock, Hyphenation of capillary-LC with ICP-MS and parallel on-line micro fraction collection for MALDI-TOF-MS analysis - complementry tools for protein phosphorylation analysis, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 25/3 (2010) 33-344. DOI: 10.1039/b921145d
Christina Rappel, Dirk Schaumlöffel, Improved nanonebulizer design for the coupling of nanoHPLC with ICP-MS, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 25 (2010) 1963–1968. DOI: 10.1039/c0ja00050g
Bjoern Meermann, Michael Kießhauer, Development of an oxygen-gradient system to overcome plasma instabilities during HPLC/ICP-MS measurements using gradient elution, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2011, 26, 2069. DOI: 10.1039/c1ja10177c
Claudia Swart, Olaf Rienitz, Detlef Schiel, Alternative approach to post column online isotope dilution ICP-MS, Talanta 83 (2011) 1544–1551. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.11.062
Claudia Swart, Olaf Rienitz, Detlef Schiel,
Impact of pump flow fluctuations on post column online ID-ICP-MS, Anal Bioanal. Chem. 401 (2011) 2025–2031.
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5293-8 Pablo Rodríguez-González, Vladimir N. Epov,
Christophe Pecheyran,
David Amouroux,
Olivier F.X. Donard,
Species-specific stable isotope analysis by the hyphenation of chromatographic techniques with MC-ICPMS, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 31 (2012) 504–521.
DOI: 10.1002/mas.20352 Simon Prikler, Denis Pick, Jürgen W. Einax,
Comparing different means of signal treatment for improving the detection power in HPLC-ICP-MS, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 403 2012) 1109–1116.
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5571-5 Silvia Diez Fernández, Naoki Sugishama, Jorge Ruiz Encinar,
Alfredo Sanz-Medel, Triple Quad ICPMS (ICPQQQ) as a New Tool for Absolute Quantitative Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics, Anal. Chem., 84 (2012) 5851-5857.
DOI: 10.1021/ac3009516 William Maher, Frank Krikowa,
Michael Ellwood, Simon Foster, Rajani Jagtap, George Raber,
Overview of hyphenated techniques using an ICP-MS detector with an emphasis on extraction techniques for measurement of metalloids by HPLC–ICPMS, Microchemical Journal 105 (2012) 15–31.
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2012.03.017 Pablo Rodríguez-González, Vladimir N. Epov,
Christophe Pecheyran,
David Amouroux,
Olivier F.X. Donard,
Species-specific Stable Isotope Analysis by the Hyphenation of Chromatographic Techniques With MC-ICPMS, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 31 (2012) 504–521.
DOI: 10.1002/mas.20352
M. Bernardin, F. Bessueille-Barbier, A. Le Masle, C.-P. Lienemann, S. Heinisch, Suitable interface for coupling liquid chromatography to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for the analysis of organic matrices. 1. Theoretical and experimental considerations on solute dispersion, J. Chromatogr. A, 1565 (2018) 68-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.024
M. Bernardin, F. Bessueille-Barbier, A. Le Masle, C.-P. Lienemann, S.
Heinisch, Suitable interface for coupling liquid chromatography to
inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for the analysis of organic
matrices. 2. Comparison of Sample Introduction Systems, J. Chromatogr. A, 1603 (2019) 68-80. DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.074
HPLC-ICP-MS Method validation
Danuta Baralkiewicz, Barbara Pikosz, Magdalena Belter, Monika Marcinkowska, Speciation analysis of chromium in drinking water samples by ion-pair reversed-phase HPLC–ICP-MS: validation of the analytical method and evaluation of the uncertainty budget, Accred. Qual. Assur., 18 (2013) 391–401. DOI: 10.1007/s00769-013-1002-y
Izabela Komorowicz and Danuta Baralkiewicz, Arsenic speciation in water by high-performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry – method validation and uncertainty estimation, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 28 (2014) 159–168. DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6774
Luis Muńoz, Macarena Meneses, Paola Pismante, Oscar Andonie, Fabrizio Queirolo, Susana Stegen, Methodological Validation for the Determination of Toxic Arsenic Species in Human Urine Using HPLC with ICP-MS, J. Chil. Chem. Soc., 59/2 (2014) 2432-2436. DOI: 10.4067/S0717-97072014000200007
Toni Llorente-Mirandes, Josep Calderón, Francesc Centrich, Roser Rubio, José Fermín López-Sánchez, A need for determination of arsenic species at low levels in cereal-based food and infant cereals. Validation of a method by IC–ICPMS, Food Chemistry 147 (2014) 377–385. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.138
Mesay Mulugeta Wolle, G.M. Mizanur Rahman, H.M. Skip Kingston, Matt Pamuku, Optimization
and validation of strategies for quantifying chromium species in soil
based on speciated isotope dilution mass spectrometry with mass balance, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 29 (2014) 1640-1647. DOI: 10.1039/c4ja00133h
Indranil Sen, Wei Zou, Josephine Alvaran, Linda Nguyen, Ryszard Gajek, and Jianwen She, Development and Validation of a Simple and Robust Method for Arsenic Speciation in Human Urine Using HPLC/ICP-MS, J. AOAC International, 98/2 (2015) 517-523. DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.14-103
H. Goenaga-Infante, Quality control in speciation analysis using HPLC with ICP-MS and ESI-MS/MS: Focus on Quantification Strategies using Isotope Dilution Analysis, in: B. Michalke (ed.), Metallomics: Analytical Techniques and Speciation Methods, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2016, 69-82. DOI: 10.1002/9783527694907.ch3
Standard operating procedures and methods for LC-ICP-MS
CDC Method DLS-3000.15-05: Urine arsenic speciation - HPLC-ICP-DRC-MS
EPA Method 321.8 - Determination of Bromate in Drinking Waters by Ion Chromatography Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry
FDA Method 4.8: High Performance Liquid Chromatographic-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometric Determination of Methylmercury and Total Mercury in Seafood
FDA Method 4.10: High Performance Liquid Chromatographic-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometric Determination of Arsenic Species in Fruit Juice
FDA Method 4.11: Arsenic Speciation in Rice and Rice Products Using High Performance Liquid Chromatographic-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometric Determination
Instrument manufacturer's application notes
Agilent Technologies
Handbook of Hyphenated ICP-MS Applications (Second edition, 2012)
Handbook of Hyphenated ICP-MS Applications (First edition, 2007)
#5968-3050EN: Speciation of Arsenic Compounds in Urine of
Dimethylarsinic Acid Orally Exposed Rat by Using IC-ICP-MS
#5988-3161EN: Automated Real-Time Determination of Bromate in Drinking Water Using LC-ICP-MS and EPA Method 321.8
#5988-4332EN: Technical
Features of ICP-MS Plasma Chromatographic Software
#5988-6697EN: Comparison of GC-ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS for the Analysis of Organotin Compounds
#5988-9893EN: Fast and Accurate Determination of Arsenobetaine (AsB) in Fish Tissues using HPLC-ICP-MS
#5989-2481EN: Ion Chromatography (IC) ICP-MS for Chromium Speciation in Natural Samples
#5989-3572EN: Determination of Methyl Mercury in Water and Soil by HPLC-ICP-MS
#5989-5304EN: Determination of Ceruloplasmani in Human Serum by Immunoaffinity Chromatography and Size Exclusion Chromatography-ICP-MS
#5989-5346EN: Ultra-Trace Analysis of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agent Degradation Products by HPLC-ICP-MS
#5989-5505EN: Routine Analysis of Toxic Arsenic Species in Urine Using HPLC with ICP-MS
#5989-7073EN: Determination of Organic and Inorganic Selenium Species Using HPLC-ICP-MS
#5991-0066EN: Benefits of HPLC-ICP-MS coupling for mercury speciation in food
#5991-0622EN: Arsenic speciation analysis in apple juice using HPLC-ICP-MS with the Agilent 8800 ICP-QQQ #5991-1044EN: Determination of iopromide in environmental waters by ion chromatography-ICP-MS #5991-1461EN: Simultaneous quantitation of peptides and phosphopeptides by capLC-ICP-MS using the Agilent 8800/8900 Triple Quadrupole ICP-MS #5991-2878EN: LC-ICP-MS method for the determination of trivalent and hexavalent chromium in toy materials to meet European regulation EN71-3:2012 Migration of certain elements #5991-5933EN: Rapid determination of five arsenic species in polished rice using HPLC-ICP-MS
Analytik Jena
Speciation of arsenic in apple juice by LC-ICP-MS on PlasmaQuant® MS Elite
Determination of Arsenic Species in Beverages by HPLC-ICP-MS
Speciation of Arsenic in Rice by LC-ICP-MS on PlasmaQuant MS Elite
PerkinElmer
#D-6736: Speciation of Five Arsenic Compounds in Urine by HPLC ICP-MS #D-6780: Chromium Speciation in Water by HPLC ICP-MS
#D-7303A: Advances in Bromine Speciation by HPLC/ICP-MS
#D-10396: Determination of Arsenic Speciation in Apple Juice by HPLC/ICP-MS
#D-11186A: Arsenic Speciation in White Rice by HPLC-ICP-MS
#D-12244: Accurate and Rapid Determination of Arsenic Speciation in Apple Juice
#D-12309: Chromium Speciation in Drinking Water by LC-ICP-MS
#D-14359: Characterization of Arsenic Species in Apple Juice using a NexSAR HPLC-ICP-MS Speciation Analysis Ready Solution
Thermo Scientific
#30012: High Sensitivity Arsenic Speciation: HPLC Sector Field ICP-MS
#30076: Simultaneous Phosphorus and Sulfur Speciation by HPLC Interfaced with High Resolution ICP-MS
#40653: Determination of Organo-Arsenic Species in Seaweed Extracts using HPLC-ICP-MS
#40741: Speciation of Arsenic in Fish Tissues using HPLC coupled with X SeriesII ICP-MS
#43098: Speciation analysis of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in drinking water using anion exchange chromatography coupled to the Thermo Scientific iCAP Q ICP-MS
#43099: IC-ICP-MS speciation analysis of As in apple juice using the iCAP Q ICP-MS
#43126: IC-ICP-MS speciation analysis of As in Organic Brown Rice Syrup (OBRS) using the Thermo Scientific iCAP Q ICP-MS
White paper 70481: Coupling of an Inert Ion Chromatographic System with ICP-Q-MS for Robust and Accurate Elemental Speciation #70590: Speciation Applications Summary Ion Chromatography
HPLC Maintenance and Trouble-Shooting
Delloyd's Lab Tech resources: HPLC Trouble-Shooting LC/GC ChromAcademy: HPLC TroubleShooter LCResources: The HPLC Troubleshooting Wizard Machery & Nagel: HPLC Trouble-Shooting Waters: Controlling Contamination in UltraPerformance LC/MS and HPLC/MS Systems EVISA Database system Journals Database: Journals related to Liquid Chromatography
Company Database: Professional Organizations relelated to Chromatography
Company Database: Manufacturers providing LC-ICP-MS systems
Instrument Database: LC-ICP-MS coupling kits
Instrument Database: HPLC Autosampler
Instrument Database: HPLC pumps
EVISA link pages
Resources related to analytical sciences
Resources related to mass spectrometry
Resources related to Chromatography
Resources related to quality assurance/quality control
Other web resources:
Agilent: Video: MassHunter Software: Speciation Analysis by Hyphenated ICP-MS
Thermo Scientific: Speciation Analysis by IC-ICP-MS
Thermo Scientific: Video: Chromium Speciation Analysis in Drinking Water
Royal Society of Chemistry > Analytical Methods Commitee > Report of the Instrumental Criteria Subcommittee> Criteria for the Selection of Instruments: Part IX (1997): Instrumentation for High-performance Liquid Chromatography
EVISA News related to LC-ICP-MS for speciation analysis (newest first)
April 10, 2024: Development of a Liquid Chromatographic Method for Quantifying 11 Organotin Compounds in Workplace Air Samples using HPLC-ICP-MS
December 9, 2023: Speciation analysis of technetium radiopharmaceuticals by HPLC-ICP-MS and HPLC-ESI-HRMS
July 27, 2023: Optimization of speciation analysis of iodine in seaweed
July 14, 2023: Germanium speciation analysis of soil polluted by an electronic waste processing plant
June 13, 2023: Determination of chromium species in tanned leather samples
May 14, 2023: Determination of Unknown Organic-Metal Complexes in the Environment by Liquid Chromatography–Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
April 12, 2023: Identification of Monomethylmonothioarsonic Acid as the Major Thioarsenical Generated During Extraction of Arsenic Species from Rice
February 14, 2023: Arsenic species in edible mushrooms from central Europe
January 10, 2023: Online addition of an internal standard for high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
January 9, 2023: Determination of Glyphosate in Rice with HPLC-ICP-MS/MS
January 4, 2023: Zero dead-volume interface for coupling µHPLC to ICP-MS
November 6, 2022: The Determination of Hexavalent Chromium in Airborne Particulate Matter in Presence of High Amounts of Trivalent Chromium
August 8, 2022: Determination of tungsten species in natural waters by HPLC-ICP-MS
July 14, 2022: Ultra-sensitive speciation analysis of inorganic platinum-chloride complexes in platinum-based drugs by HPLC-ICP-MS
July 6, 2022: 1,2-Hexanediol as eluent for HPLC Enables Coupling with ICPMS under Standard Conditions
June 1, 2022:Rapid automated arsenic speciation analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
May 12, 2022: Widespread Occurrence of the Highly Toxic Dimethylated Monothioarsenate in Rice
April 26, 2022: Interaction of gadolinium-based contrast agents with humic substances
April 8, 2022: Selenium Speciation in Fortified Vegetables
February 28, 2022: Combined speciation analysis and elemental bioimaging provides new information about the retention of gadolinium in kidney following the application of some MRI contrast agents
February 11, 2022: An easy way to selectively determine organomercury in seafood
January 17, 2022: Thiolation of trimethylantimony: A new cornerstone of the biogeochemistry of antimony
December 12, 2021: Selenium species are partly converted during their enzymatic extraction from biological samples with protease XIV
December 12, 2021: Arseno lipids in salmon are partly converted during cooking
November 13, 2021: Fast and Automated Monitoring of Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents in Surface Waters
August 27, 2021: On-column internal standardisation as an alternative calibration strategy for speciation analysis
May 15, 2021: Determination of the naturally occurring vanadium-complex amavadin in the fly agaric mushroom with HPLC-ICPMS
December 2, 2020: Speciation analysis of Gadolinium-based contrast agents using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry by avoiding organic solvents
July 11, 2020: Quantification of copper chlorophylls in green table olives
June 8, 2020: Speciation analysis of aluminium in wine by LC-ICP-MS
June 7, 2020: Transfer of arsenolipids from a salmon eating nursing mother to their milk
May 11, 2020: Arsenic speciation analysis in rice milk
April 15, 2020: New arsenic species found in electronic cigarettes
February 19, 2020: Simultaneous speciation analysis of inorganic arsenic and methylmercury in edible fish oil by high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
January 22, 2020: Quantification of glyphosate and AMPA by HPLC-ICP-MS/MS
January 21, 2020: Analysis of perfluorinated compounds by HPLC-ICP-MS/MS
November 17, 2019: Determination of Thallium Speciation in Water Samples by HPLC-ICP-MS
November 14, 2019: HPLC-ICPMS/MS as a versatile tool for the speciation of non-metals: Sulfur species in wine
October 9, 2019: Fast speciation analysis of inorganic arsenic by using frontal chromatography for separation
June 13, 2019: Bromine Speciation in Human Serum
May 14, 2019: Selenoneine is a major selenium species in red blood cells of Inuit from Nunavik
August 24, 2016: New sensitive method for chromium speciation analysis: No hexavalent chromium in dairy and cereal products
August 12, 2016: Researchers found new sulfur-containing metabolites in the urine of rats exposed to arsenite
March 14, 2016: Tracing Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents from Wastewater, via Surface Water to Drinking Water
August 12, 2015: Call for help: ISO/DIN Project: Standard method for arsenic speciation analysis using HPLC-ICP-MS
April 26, 2015: Hexavalent chromium in food ?
March 4, 2015: Detection of Gd-based contrast agent in the skin of a patient eight years after administration
July 19, 2012: Triple Quad ICP-MS: Pushing the limits for quantitation of phosphorus and sulfur
January 19, 2012: Detecting Toxic Arsenic Species in Apple Juice
July 22, 2010: ICP-MS Analysis Suggests Metal-Binding Proteins Significantly More Abundant Than Thought
June 19, 2010: A new Selenium-containing compound, Selenoneine, found as the predominant Se-species in the blood of Bluefin Tuna
March 25, 2010: Publication on the separation of Gd-based contrast agents awarded
December 14, 2008: New study investigates the interaction of thimerosal with proteins
March 16, 2008: New selenium-containing proteins identified in selenium-rich yeast
January 31, 2008: New arsenic species detected in carrot samples
January 15, 2008: Species-specific isotope dilution analysis has been adopted as an official method under US legislation
October 7, 2007: Agilent Technologies publishes Handbook of Hyphenated ICP-MS Applications
January 24, 2007: Agilent Technologies joins University of Cincinnati to study impact of metal species in biology and the environment
October 18, 2006: Speciation analysis by LC-ICP-MS finds new application area in clinical chemistry: Ceruloplasmin
September 7, 2006: New Agilent HPLC column for routine determination of arsenic species in human urine by HPLC-ICP-MS
January 25, 2006: A new concentric nebulizer for ICP sample introduction at nL-sample flow rates
October 20, 2004: Thermo Electron and Pau University Establish New Center of Excellence for Elemental Speciation Analysis
August 26, 2004: Ion chromatography and ICP-MS determination of arsenic species in marine samples
Further chapters on techniques and methodology for speciation analysis:
Chapter 1:
Tools for elemental speciation Chapter 2: ICP-MS - A versatile detection system for speciation analysis Chapter 3: LC-ICP-MS - The most often used hyphenated system for speciation analysis Chapter 4: GC-ICP-MS- A very sensitive hyphenated system for speciation analysis Chapter 5: CE-ICP-MS for speciation analysis Chapter 6: ESI-MS: The tool for the identification of species Chapter 7: Speciation Analysis - Striving for Quality Chapter 8: Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry as a Detection System for Speciation Analysis Chapter 9: Gas chromatography for the separation of elemental species Chapter 10: Plasma source detection techniques for gas chromatography Chapter 11: Fractionation as a first step towards speciation analysis Chapter 12: Flow-injection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for speciation analysis Chapter
13: Gel electrophoresis combined with laser ablation inductively
coupled plasma mass spectrometry for speciation analysis Chapter 14: Non-chromatographic separation techniques for speciation analysis
last time modified: November 11, 2024
